Problems in organic chemistry: A functional group approach (Daniels, Ralph; Bauer, Ludwig)

Heuristic Approach to Organic Chemistry

An important question in organic chemistry is how does a chemist synthesize chemicals in the most efficient way beginning with chemicals readily available. These problems are known as synthesis problems. Currently, methods based on databases (Chen, 2006) and methods related to quantum mechanics (Jorgensen, 1998) are used frequently to solve this problem. When solving synthesis problems by hand,...

A heuristic approach for multi-stage sequence-dependent group scheduling problems

We present several heuristic algorithms based on tabu search for solving the multi-stage sequence-dependent group scheduling (SDGS) problem by considering minimization of makespan as the criterion. As the problem is recognized to be strongly NP-hard, several meta (tabu) search-based solution algorithms are developed to efficiently solve industry-size problem instances. Also, two different initi...

Organic chemistry in water.

Water has emerged as a versatile solvent for organic chemistry in recent years. Water as a solvent is not only inexpensive and environmentally benign, but also gives completely new reactivity. The types of organic reactions in water are broad including pericyclic reactions, reactions of carbanion equivalent, reactions of carbocation equivalent, reactions of radicals and carbenes, transition-met...

Symmetry in Organic Chemistry

Separation in Organic Chemistry

Separation methods used in organic chemistry are briefly reviewed, emphasis being placed on aspects that are frequently ignored, and special attention being paid to the analytical applications of separation. The relevance of physical, inorganic and analytical chemistry for organic chemistry is stressed. The term 'separation' can be used in analytical chemistry in both a literal and figurative s...